Learn how to calculate your D&D character's Ability Scores, the Standard Array, Point Buy, and Rolling methods.
Want to know how to calculate the D&D character stat values? You’ll need to get your head around the Standard Array and Point Buy methods if you want to ensure you have the best possible starting abilities. While rolling is another option, it is subject to chance, so we recommend using one of these methods to get the most out of your character.
The D&D standard array and point buy
The D&D standard array and point buy are two ways you can distribute your character’s ability scores. The Standard Array provides a set of predetermined scores for your character based on a table that can’t be changed unless you reach a certain level or receive species bonuses. The Point Buy system starts all your scores at eight with a (-1) modifier, from there, you have 27 points to spend and allocate across your stats. This guide helps you calculate your character’s ability scores with the Standard Array and Point Buy methods.
Calculating D&D character stats with the Standard Array
Character creation in Dungeons & Dragons is all about choices, and when it comes to your ability scores, the Standard Array provides predetermined values for each ability.
When using the Standard Array, you can only use the numbers provided in the table for your character’s ability scores. If a score is listed as a nine, you can’t change that to a ten unless you reach a certain level or your character receives a species bonus to that score.
Here is an example of the Standard Array table for a human character.
Once you have your numbers, you will need to assign them to your character’s abilities. For example, if your character’s strength is a nine, then nine will be their strength score. This can be a good option if you are in a party with characters of varied power levels, or if you’re looking for simplicity.
Calculating D&D character stats with Point Buy
If you’re looking to create a character that is as strong, smart, or charismatic as you, the point buy system is for you. This method allows you to distribute 27 points to your ability scores, no matter your class, to make the character you want to play.
The cost to raise a score varies based on the desired number. The table below indicates the point cost for each increase.
When using the point buy system, you can only use a number once, so you’ll need to be careful when allocating your 27 points. If you have four points left, you’ll need to make sure you have four points spread across your four highest scores.
Calculate D&D stats with point buy calculator
There is an unofficial calculator that can help with your point buy calculations. It allows you to input the number of points you have and the stat you’re trying to increase, and it will tell you how many points you need to spend to reach your target number.
Another alternative is to use the official point buy calculator, but instead of inputting the number of points you have, you can enter the score you would like to end up with. The calculator will provide you with the amount of points you need to reach your target number.
D&D rolling for stats
There are two other options when it comes to assigning your ability scores, rolling for them and using the point buy system with rolling. Rolling for your stats allows for a wide range of score possibilities, making each of your characters unique, but there is always the chance your stats could end up with a low strength or intelligence.
The DM may have additional rules for rolling for stats, such as rerolls for ones or a minimum total score, but if you’re looking for something simple, rolling is the way to go.
To roll for your stats, you’ll need to roll four dice, and then keep the three highest numbers. So, for example, if you rolled a four, three, two, and six, your scores would be 14, 16, and 18.
D&D character creation rules
The D&D 5e Dungeon Master’s Guide says, “DMs may have additional rules for stat rolling, such as rerolls for ones or a minimum total score”, but doesn’t provide any further details. So, it’s worth checking with your DM before you roll.
And that’s how to calculate your D&D character stats. If you’re looking to get the most out of your character, we have a guide to all the classes in Dungeons & Dragons, a list of the best D&D races, and the latest on the D&D 5e playtest.
The author has undertaken research into the D&D standard array and point buy systems for the purposes of this guide.
